Emrehan Görgeç

Before You Remove the Fence

Emrehan Gorgec · · EN

Imagine walking down a road and finding an old fence across it. You cannot tell what it encloses. There is no garden behind it, and no animals in sight. It simply blocks the way.

The person beside you looks at it and says:

“I cannot see any use for this. Let’s take it down.”

In his 1929 book The Thing, the English writer G. K. Chesterton describes a similar thought experiment. The more cautious person in his story gives an unexpected answer. To paraphrase:

“If you cannot see what it is for, I cannot let you remove it. Go away and think. When you understand why it was put there, we can discuss taking it down.”

This is the idea now known as Chesterton’s fence: before removing something, understand why it exists.

Because “I don’t know why this is here” and “There is no reason for this to be here” are two very different statements.

It is remarkably easy to forget the difference.

The reason you cannot see

There are many possible reasons for the fence. Perhaps it kept animals off the road. Perhaps it stopped people from approaching dangerous ground farther ahead. Or perhaps it served a purpose when it was built and no longer does.

That last possibility is just as real as the others.

Chesterton’s principle does not require us to preserve everything old. It does not rule out removing the fence. It asks us to find out which problem the fence was meant to solve first.

Without that knowledge, our decision is a guess based on incomplete information. And if the problem has not appeared for a long time, it becomes even easier to assume the fence is unnecessary. The reason there are no animals in sight might be that the fence is keeping them away.

Sometimes the strongest evidence that a precaution works is that we no longer encounter the problem it prevents.

What does having an opinion require?

It is surprisingly easy to make confident judgments about subjects we know nothing about. From the outside, the solution looks simple. The details have not yet entered our field of view.

“Why do they do it this way?”

That is a good question. But we often move to the next sentence before waiting for an answer:

“This is ridiculous.”

The first sentence takes curiosity. The second takes knowledge.

If you know nothing about a subject, passing judgment should not be your first contribution. Read, ask, and listen first. Find out under what conditions the practice you object to came about. Be willing to say, “I don’t know.”

You do not need to be an expert to ask a question. Someone learning a subject for the first time can expose a problem everyone else has grown used to. But asking a question and delivering a verdict carry different responsibilities, especially when other people will live with the consequences.

The fences at work

Working life is full of these fences.

You join a new team. A small change needs approval from two people. A customer request gets recorded in three different places. A software change that looks like a few lines of code has to pass a long checklist.

The first reaction is understandable:

“Why have they made this so difficult?”

Perhaps they really have made it unnecessarily difficult. But perhaps the second approval was introduced after a payment went to the wrong account. Perhaps duplicate records exist because two systems cannot communicate. Perhaps the strange item on that checklist is the trace of an outage on a Friday evening.

Learning these things does not have to justify the current process. It gives you the information you need to design a better one. You can remove the second approval, but you should know what will catch the errors it used to catch.

A practice having had a reason in the past is not enough to justify keeping it today. “We have always done it this way” is not much of an explanation either. The person who wants to change the fence should investigate its purpose; the person who wants to keep it should be able to explain what it still does.

In a meeting, on a project, or in a new job, we need a brief pause before commenting on something we do not yet understand:

“What am I missing here?”

Sometimes the answer changes our mind. Sometimes it strengthens our original objection. Either way, we are now on firmer ground.

After learning why the fence was built, we may still decide to take it down. But this time, we will have some idea of what might come through.